Kazakhstan has officially adopted the Digital Code, a landmark document providing a systematic framework for the advancement of digital technologies, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), and the establishment of a secure and resilient digital ecosystem.

The Code marks a strategic shift from fragmented digital initiatives to a comprehensive systemic transformation rooted in the principles of security, accountability, and the protection of citizens' rights.

Key Provisions of the Digital Code:

• Digital Human Rights: For the first time, the Code enshrines digital human rights at a comprehensive level. Citizens are guaranteed the right to delete, anonymize, and restrict the processing of their personal data. The use of biometric identification is strictly limited to cases explicitly defined by law.

• Algorithmic Accountability: The Code introduces the right to challenge decisions made through algorithmic or automated systems, ensuring such reviews involve authorized specialists. This measure enhances the transparency and accountability of AI-driven solutions that impact the legal interests of citizens.

• Legal Status of Digital Assets: Alongside electronic documents, the Code introduces the concepts of "digital documents," "digital data," and "digital verifications." Authorized verifications may include codes, one-time identifiers, push notifications, and biometric methods. Furthermore, "national digital objects" are designated as inalienable and subject to special protection.

• Technological Innovation: The Code establishes a legal framework for modern technological solutions, including smart contracts, distributed ledgers (blockchain), and digital condominiums, thereby facilitating greater mobility for both citizens and businesses.

• Data Circulation Platform: The country is launching its first data exchange platform, designed to ensure transparent conditions for the access, utilization, and circulation of digital data products.

• Mandatory Digital Transformation: Digital transformation is now a compulsory process. Government agencies, state-owned legal entities, and quasi-public sector subjects are required to develop and implement annual transformation programs. The results of these programs will serve as key performance indicators (KPIs).

• Cybersecurity and Accessibility: The Code sets new standards for the protection of digital infrastructure and data. Additionally, specific provisions ensure that digital services and technologies are accessible to persons with disabilities and people with limited mobility.

The adoption of the Digital Code during the Year of Digitalization and Artificial Intelligence provides a robust legal foundation for Kazakhstan’s sustainable digital growth, balancing rapid innovation with the fundamental protection of individual rights.